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Motor Vehicle Litigation
A lawsuit is required when liability is contested. The defendant then has the opportunity to respond to the complaint.
New York has a pure comparative negligence rule. This means that if a jury finds you to be at fault for an accident the amount of damages you will be reduced based on your percentage of blame. There is an exception to this rule: CPLR SS 1602 excludes owners of vehicles rented or leased by minors.
Duty of Care
In a case of negligence, the plaintiff must prove that the defendant had the duty of care towards them. This duty is owed to everyone, but people who operate a vehicle have an even greater obligation to other drivers in their field. This includes not causing accidents in motor vehicles.
Courtrooms compare an individual's actions with what a normal person would do under similar circumstances to establish what is a reasonable standard of care. This is why expert witnesses are often required in cases of medical malpractice. Experts with a higher level of expertise of a specific area may also be held to an higher standard of care than other individuals in similar situations.
When a person breaches their duty of care, it may cause injury to the victim or their property. The victim has to establish that the defendant's breach of their duty resulted in the harm and damages they have suffered. The proof of causation is an essential element in any negligence case, and it involves considering both the actual causes of the injury damages as well as the proximate reason for the damage or injury.
If a driver is caught running an stop sign then they are more likely to be struck by another vehicle. If their car is damaged they'll be responsible for repairs. But the reason for the crash could be a cut from a brick that later develops into a deadly infection.
Breach of Duty
The second element of negligence is the breach of duty committed by an individual defendant. This must be proved in order to be awarded compensation for personal injury claims. A breach of duty occurs when the actions of the person at fault aren't in line with what reasonable people would do in similar circumstances.
A doctor, for instance is a professional with a range of professional obligations towards his patients, which stem from the law of the state and licensing authorities. Motorists owe a duty of care to other motorists and pedestrians on the road to drive safely and observe traffic laws. Any driver who fails to adhere to this obligation and causes an accident is accountable for the injuries of the victim.
A lawyer can use "reasonable persons" standard to show that there is a duty of prudence and then demonstrate that defendant did not meet this standard in his actions. It is a question of fact that the jury has to decide whether the defendant met the standard or not.
The plaintiff must also demonstrate that the defendant's breach was the main cause of the plaintiff's injuries. It can be more difficult to prove this than a breach of duty. A defendant could have run through a red light but that's not the cause of the crash on your bicycle. This is why causation is often challenged by the defendants in cases of crash.
Causation
In motor vehicle cases, the plaintiff must establish a causal link between the defendant's breach of duty and the injuries. For example, if the plaintiff sustained an injury to the neck as a result of an accident that involved rear-ends and their lawyer will argue that the collision was the cause of the injury. Other factors that are necessary in causing the collision like being in a stationary vehicle are not culpable and will not affect the jury's determination of liability.
It can be difficult to establish a causal link between a negligent action and the plaintiff's psychological problems. The fact that the plaintiff had a troubled childhood, poor relationship with his or her parents, used alcohol and drugs, or suffered previous unemployment may have some impact on the severity of the psychological issues she suffers after an accident, however, the courts typically view these elements as part of the context from which the plaintiff's accident was triggered, not as a separate cause of the injuries.
If you have been in a serious motor vehicle accident lawyers vehicle crash it is crucial to consult with an experienced attorney. Arnold & Clifford LLP attorneys have extensive experience representing clients in motor vehicle accident commercial and business litigation, and personal injury cases. Our lawyers have developed working relationships with independent physicians in different specialties as well as experts in computer simulations and reconstruction of accidents.
Damages
In motor vehicle accident Lawsuits vehicle litigation, a plaintiff can seek both economic and noneconomic damages. The first type of damages covers all monetary costs which can easily be added up and then calculated into a total, such as medical treatments or lost wages, repair to property, and even financial loss, for instance the loss of earning capacity.
New York law also recognizes the right to seek non-economic damages, including pain and suffering as well as loss of enjoyment, which cannot be reduced to a dollar amount. However the damages must be proven to exist through extensive evidence, such as deposition testimony from plaintiff's close family members and friends medical records, deposition testimony, and other expert witness testimony.
In the event of multiple defendants, courts often use comparative fault rules to determine the amount of total damages to be divided between them. This requires the jury to determine the degree of fault each defendant incurred in the incident and then divide the total damages award by the percentage of blame. New York law however, does not allow this. 1602 exempts owners of vehicles from the rule of comparative negligence in the event of injuries sustained by the drivers of trucks or cars. The process to determine if the presumption of permissiveness is complicated. In general the only way to prove that the owner denied permission for the driver to operate the vehicle can overcome the presumption.